• A dimension of paleolithic sites have yielded bones in which Music Instruction lateral holes have been pierced: these are mostly identified as flutes, blown at sole edge like the Japanese shakuhachi

• The earliest written records of musical expression are to be found in the Samaveda of India and in 4,000 year old cuneiform from Ur. Instruments, such as the seven-holed flute and diverse types of stringed instruments have been recovered from the Indus Valley Civilization archaeological sites.

In caught on music, guitarists and electric bass players often read bebop notated in tablature, which indicates the location of the notes to be played on the instrument using a diagram of the guitar or bass fingerboard. Tabulature was also used in the Baroque era to notate music for the lute, a stringed, fretted instrument.